THE USE OF ADVERBS (Penggunaan Kata Keterangan)

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 PERHATIKAN !!!
Kalimat-kalimat di bawah ini!

• He is always busy on Sundays (Dia selalu sibuk setiap hari Minggu).
• He live in a little village in Bogor (Dia tinggal di sebuah desa kecil di Bogor).
• Heri is often absent from school (Heri serinng tidak masuk sekolah).
• I'm at home (Aku ada di rumah).
• I feel well (Saya merasa baik).
• I will be there tomorrow (Saya akan ke sana besok).
• It is likely to happen (Ini barangkali akan terjadi).
• Maybe I should meet him now (Barangkali saya harus bertemu dia sekarang).
• My daughter passed the exam last semester ( Anak perempuanku lulus ujian pada semester lalu)
• Perhaps you would like to join for dinner (Barangkali kamu akan ikut makan malam).
• Please meet me outside the office (Tolong temui saya diluar kantor).
• She never comes late (Dia tidak pernah datang terlambat).
• Simon is really great (Simon benar-benar hebat).
• Speak slowly, please (Tolong bicara dengan pelan).
• The troops moved quickly (Pasukan bergerak dengan cepat).
• They live peacefully in a little house ( Mereka tinggal dengan damai di rumah kecil itu).
• This drink is too hot (Minuman ini terlalu panas).
• Your answer is slightly true (Jawabanmu agak benar).

Kita melihat bahwa kata-kata yang dimiringkan dan berwarna hijau di atas disebut adverbs. Advebs (kata keterangan ) adalah kata-kata yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan kata kerja(verbs), kata sifat(adjectives), atau kata keterangan(adverbs).
    Adverbs dapat dibagi menjadi 6, yaitu :

1. Adverbs of manner
   (keterangan cara), misalnya :
   1. Beautifully (dengan cantik)
      
   2. Calmly (dengan tenang)
   3. Carefully (dengan hati-hati)
   4. Fast (dengan cepat), NOT fastly
   5. Hard (dengan keras), NOT hardly
   Examples :
   
   1. Whitney Houston sings beautifully (Whitney Houston menyanyi dengan indah/manis).
   2. Speak lowly, please (Tolong berbicara dengan pelan).
   3. The troops moved quickly.
   4. They live peacefully in a little house.
2. Adverbs of place and direction
   (keterangan tempat dan arah), misalnya :
   1. Away (jauh)
   2. East (timur)
   3. North (utara)
      
   4. From korea (dari Korea)
      
   5. Here (disini)
      
   6. In Paringin Balangan (di Paringin Balangan)
      
   7. There (disana)
      
   8. Upstairs (diatas)
   9. Outside (diluar)
      
   Examples :
   
   1. My family live in Bogor.
   2. Please meet me outside the office
   3. They went to the north (mereka pergi ke utara).

1. Adverbs of time(keterangan waktu), misalnya :
   1. Ago (yang lalu)=two days ago, a week ago, a month ago
   2. From (dari) Monday to/until Saturday
   3. Everyday
   4. Every week
   5. Every month
   6. Every year
   7. In the 2^nd century (abad ke-2)
      
   8. In the past (dulu)
      
   9. Last (last week, last month, last year)
   10. Now
   11. Once (sekali)
       
   12. Since (sejak) 1996
   13. Then (pada saat itu)
       
   14. Three time (3 kali)
       
   15. Twice (2 kali)
       
   16. Today (hari ini)
   17. Etc.
   Examples :
   
   1. My daughter passed the exam last semester (Anak perempuanku lulus ujian pada semester lalu).
   2. We travelled to Lombok Island yesterday ( Kami pergi ke Pulau Lombok kemarin).
   3. The secretary works hard every day (Sekretaris bekerja keras setiap hari).

1. Adverbs of frequency
   (keterangan frekuensi/keseringan), misalnya:
   1. Always (selalu)
   2. Frequently (sering kali)
   3. Hardly ever (hampir tak pernah)
      
   4. Never (tidak pernah)
      
   5. Occasionally (sekali-sekali)
      
   6. Often (sering)
      
   7. Seldom (jarang)
      
   8. Sometimes (kadang-kadang)
      
   9. Usually (biasanya)
      
   10. Etc.
   Examples :
   
   1. Sometimes I watch football on TV (kadang-kadang saya menonton sepakbola di TV).
   2. They usually goes shopping at the market (mereka biasnya berbelanja di pasar).

1. Adverbs of degree
   (keterangan derajat), misalnya :
   1. Fairly (agak)
      
   2. In fact (sebenarnya)
      
   3. Indeed (sungguh)
      
   4. Of course (tentu)
      
   5. Rather (agak)
      
   6. Really (sungguh)
      
   7. Slightly (agak)
      
   8. Too (terlalu)
      
   9. Very (sangat)
      
   10. Well (baik)
   11. Etc.
   Examples :
   
   1. I feel well (saya merasa baik).
   2. Simon is really great (simon benar-benar hebat).
   3. Your house is very good (rumahmu sangat bagus).

1. Adverbs of modality
   (keterangan kemungkinan), misalnya :
   1. Likely (barangkali)
      
   2. Maybe (mungkin/barangkali)
      
   3. Perhaps (mungkin)
      
   4. Possibly (barangkali)
      
   5. Probably (barangkali)
      
   6. Unlikely (tak mungkin)
      
   7. Etc.
   Examples :
   
   1. It is likely to happen (ini barangkali akan terjadi).
   2. Maybe I should meet him now (barangkali saya harus bertemu dia sekarang).

 
Perhatikan susunan adverbs (kata keterangan) dalam sebuah kalimat pada table berikut :

SUBJECT (subjek)	VERB (kata kerja)	MANNER (cara)	PLACE (tempat)	TIME (waktu)
My secretary	Typed	Quickly	In the office	Every day
The guests	Ate	Fast	In a party	Now
he	works	Very hard	At home	On Sundays